The contemporary modular view implies that cognitive modules:

• A. Are semi-independent with some communication between them
• B. Are fully independent and non-communicating
• C. Are completely interdependent with constant exchange
• D. Do not exist in the adult brain

Answer: (A)

The main idea being tested is that cognitive modules are specialized processing units that operate largely on their own but still interact with each other. In the contemporary view, these modules handle different kinds of information (for example, faces, language, or tool use) in a relatively independent way, which explains why a specific brain injury can disrupt one function while leaving others intact. Yet they are not isolated islands; there is communication and coordination between modules, allowing integrated behavior and complex tasks to be carried out. This balance—semi-independence with some cross-talk—best matches the evidence from neuropsychology and brain imaging showing distinct, specialized processing areas that still connect and influence one another during cognition. The other descriptions imply either no interaction, or constant, universal exchange, or that such modular organization doesn’t exist in adults, all of which contradict the observed pattern of both specialization and interconnectivity.